Background:
PIWIL1 is a cancer testis antigen overexpressed in solid tumors, particularly CRC, and is associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis. It is potentially a new therapeutic target, as PIWIL1 is not expressed in adult somatic tissue. A novel T cell receptor/PIWIL1 bispecific antibody is in development and restricted to individuals with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A-02. We sought to characterize the molecular landscape of PIWIL1 in CRC.